考える
かんがえる
To think something over, consider or work out
Usage
考える (かんがえる) is an ichidan verb: drop る and attach the ending. て-form 考えて, past 考えた, negative 考えない, polite 考えます, potential 考えられる, volitional 考えよう.
It means to think in the sense of reasoning, weighing options, working something out. What you think over takes を (将来を考える, 方法を考える); a topic you think about takes について (この問題について考える). With a quoted clause, ~と考える states a considered conclusion (合格できると考えています) and sounds more deliberate and formal than ~と思う. 考え直す (かんがえなおす) is to reconsider, and the noun 考え (かんがえ) is an idea or a way of thinking: いい考えですね.
Examples
- 将来のことをよく考えてください。 しょうらい の こと を よく かんがえて ください。 — Please think carefully about your future.
- 一週間考えて、答えを出しました。 いっしゅうかん かんがえて、こたえ を だしました。 — I thought for a week and came up with an answer.
- 新しい方法を考えました。 あたらしい ほうほう を かんがえました。 — I came up with a new method.
- この問題について、みんなで考えましょう。 この もんだい に ついて、みんな で かんがえましょう。 — Let's think about this problem together.
Traps for Spanish, English and French speakers
- Spanish 'pensar', French 'penser' and English 'think' cover both an opinion and a reasoning process, but Japanese splits them. 'Creo que va a llover' is 雨が降ると思います; with 考える it sounds as if you were calculating the weather. Reserve 考える for working something out or weighing a choice.
- 'Pensar en alguien' / 'penser à quelqu'un' in the sense of missing someone is not 考える. 彼女のことを考える is fine for having her on your mind, but 'te extraño' / 'tu me manques' is 会いたい or 寂しい, and fondly recalling someone is 思い出す. 考える stays on the reasoning side: 彼女のことを考えて決めた = 'I decided with her in mind'.
- The thing you think over takes を, not に or で: 将来を考える, never 将来に考える. Use について only when you mean 'on the topic of' (この問題について考える).
Common mistakes
- Spanish 'pensar', French 'penser' and English 'think' cover both an opinion and a reasoning process, but Japanese splits them. 'Creo que va a llover' is 雨が降ると思います; with 考える it sounds as if you were calculating the weather. Reserve 考える for working something out or weighing a choice.
- 'Pensar en alguien' / 'penser à quelqu'un' in the sense of missing someone is not 考える. 彼女のことを考える is fine for having her on your mind, but 'te extraño' / 'tu me manques' is 会いたい or 寂しい, and fondly recalling someone is 思い出す. 考える stays on the reasoning side: 彼女のことを考えて決めた = 'I decided with her in mind'.
- The thing you think over takes を, not に or で: 将来を考える, never 将来に考える. Use について only when you mean 'on the topic of' (この問題について考える).
Examples
Please think carefully about your future.
I thought for a week and came up with an answer.
I came up with a new method.
Let's think about this problem together.
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