やっと
やっと
Finally, at last: relief after effort; also 'barely'
Usage
やっと is an adverb of attainment: something you wanted happened after a long wait or a lot of effort, and the speaker feels relief. It sits in front of the predicate, which is normally past or completed: やっと終わった, やっと来た, やっと分かった. It also works with potential forms for something that has just become possible: やっと会える (at last we can meet).
A second sense is barely, only just: やっと間に合った (I only just made it), 三人でやっと持ち上げた (it took three of us to lift it). Near-synonyms: ようやく is the same idea in a slightly more formal or written register; ついに and とうとう mark the end of a long process whether the outcome is good or bad; やっと needs a welcome outcome.
Examples
- やっと宿題が終わりました。 やっと しゅくだい が おわりました。 I finally finished my homework.
- 三十分待って、やっとバスが来た。 さんじゅっぷん まって、 やっと バス が きた。 After waiting thirty minutes, the bus finally came.
- 何度も練習して、やっとこの漢字が書けるようになった。 なんども れんしゅう して、 やっと この かんじ が かける よう に なった。 After practising many times, I can finally write this kanji.
- 走って、やっと電車に間に合いました。 はしって、 やっと でんしゃ に まにあいました。 I ran and only just caught the train.
Traps for Spanish, English and French speakers
- por fin / enfin / finally do three jobs; やっと does one. Relief after effort is やっと. The last item of a list (‘Finalmente, quiero agradecer…’) is 最後に (さいごに). The discourse filler ‘enfin, bref’ / ‘en fin’ is まあ or とにかく. やっと、お礼を言いたいです is a real learner error.
- やっと needs a wanted result. ‘Por fin se murió el perro viejo’ or ‘finally the company went bankrupt’ takes とうとう or ついに; やっと there sounds like you are glad. Likewise やっと cannot go with a negative: ‘al final no vino’ is 結局 (けっきょく) 来なかった.
- The ‘barely’ sense is easy to misread. やっと間に合った does not mean ‘finally, after years’ but ‘de justesse’, ‘a duras penas’: by a hair. And やっと五人集まった means ‘we scraped together five people’, so the number is being called small, not celebrated.
- Sokuon matters. やっと has a doubled と; やと is nothing. Compare ずっと (all along) and きっと (surely), which also carry the small っ.
Common mistakes
- por fin/enfin/finally as 'lastly' is 最後に, and as a filler is まあ; やっと is only relief after waiting or effort.
- やっと needs a welcome result: bad outcomes take とうとう/ついに, and 'al final no vino' is 結局来なかった, never やっと来なかった.
- やっと間に合った means 'de justesse', only just; やっと五人 calls the number small, not an achievement.
Examples
I finally finished my homework.
After waiting thirty minutes, the bus finally came.
After practising many times, I can finally write this kanji.
I ran and only just caught the train.
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